PinToo之蓝牙读取温湿度

1. 说明

  范例采用蓝牙通讯协议，读取驳接在Arduino上的温湿度传感器的数据。HC-06采用BC417143芯片，支持蓝牙2.1+EDR标准，HC-06的主控端或者从端模式是在出厂前就设定好的不能更改，通常能够买到的HC-06均为从端模式。

  蓝牙设备(HC-06)通过杜邦线，将蓝牙VCC接口接至Arduino的5V针脚，蓝牙的GND接口接至Arduino GND针脚，蓝牙RXD接至Arduino 10号针脚，蓝牙TXD接至Arduino 11号针脚。

  温湿度传感器DHT22，负极接至Arduino GND针脚，正极接至Arduino 5V针脚，信号线连接Arduino 的D8针脚。

  在硬件连接完成后，将Arduino连接电源，需要先将手机端与HC-06的蓝牙配对，打开蓝牙选项，可搜索到HC-06字样的蓝牙设备，默认的配对PIN码为1234。范例使用的Arduino程序使用到的蓝牙设备库的地址：http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-mobile-phone01/ (opens new window)，下载该库文件并将其添加至Arduino程序库。

  通过范例学习，可以掌握蓝牙的基本通讯原理，并结合arduino开发板实现温湿度模块的数据采集功能。

2. 零件连接图

3. 使用零件

序	零件名称	数量
1	Arduino UNO R3 开发板	1
2	HC-06蓝牙模块或HC-05蓝牙模块	1
3	DHT22温湿度模块	1
4	USB数据线	1
5	面包板	1
6	杜邦线	若干

4. Arduino流程图

5. Arduino程序

  使用Arduino IDE 编译并上传以下Arduino程序。

// 使用温湿度传感器之链接库 https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library
// http://drho.club/2018/06/arduino-bluetooth-read-sensor-value/
// https://home.gamer.com.tw/creationDetail.php?sn=3671289
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <DHT.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#define dhtPin 8                    //读取DHT22 Data
#define dhtType DHT22               //选用DHT22 
DHT dht(dhtPin, dhtType); // Initialize DHT sensor
SoftwareSerial BT(10,11); 

void setup() {
   BT.begin(9600);
   Serial.begin(9600);              //设定鲍率9600
   dht.begin();//启动DHT
 }

void loop() {
  byte cmd[20];
  int strsize;
  while(true){
    if ((strsize=(BT.available()))>0){
      for (int i=0; i<strsize; i++){
        cmd[i]=char(BT.read());
      }
      Serial.println(cmd[0]);
    }
   
    if (cmd[0]=='R') {
    float h = dht.readHumidity();   //读取湿度
    float t = dht.readTemperature(); //读取摄氏温度
    char hum_buf[10], tem_buf[10];
    if (!isnan(h) && !isnan(t)) {
        dtostrf(h, 3, 2, hum_buf);
        dtostrf(t, 3, 2, tem_buf);
        Serial.print("湿度: ");
        Serial.print(h);
        Serial.print("%\t");
        Serial.print("摄氏温度: ");
        Serial.print(t);
        Serial.print("*C\n");
        //BT.write('s');
        for(int i=0; i<5; i++) {
          BT.write(hum_buf[i]);
        }
        //BT.write('w');
        for(int i=0; i<5; i++) {
          BT.write(tem_buf[i]);
        }
     }
     else {
        Serial.println("无法从DHT传感器读取！");
        return;
     }  
    }
     delay(2000);//延时2秒
  }
}

6. 设计明细

  开启PinToo设计器，分别加入下插图之控件。或者点击左上角的[打开模板Lib文件]选择模板文件来打开对应模板。

  ①：TfxSuperButton组件，控件名此为fxSuperButtonPaired。

  ②：TfxWidgetLCDLabel组件，控件名称为fxWidgetLCDLabel1。

  ③：TfxWidgetLCDLabel组件，控件名称为fxWidgetLCDLabel2。

  ④：TfxBluetooth组件，控件名称为fxBluetooth1。

  ⑤：TfxLabel组件，控件名称为fxLabelMsg。

  ⑥：TfxSuperButton组件，控件名称为fxSuperButtonServices。

  ⑦：TfxSwitch组件，控件名称为fxSwitch。

• fxRunFrame属性设置

  • Height：设置页面高度=800。
  • Width：设置页面宽度=400。

• fxTimer1属性设置

  • Interval：设置计时器触发的时间间隔，单位为ms，设置为5000。
  • Enabled：设置是否启用，设置为False。

• ComboBoxPaired属性设置

  • Name：设置控件名称，设置为ComboBoxPaired。
  • Visible：设置是是否可见，设置为False。

• ComboBoxServices属性设置

  • Name：设置控件名称，设置为ComboBoxServices。
  • Visible：设置是是否可见，设置为False。

• ①fxSuperButtonPaired属性设置

  • Height：设置控件高度=40。
  • Width：设置控件宽度=40。
  • ButtonType：设置按钮类型，设置为TfxSvgButton。
  • Name：设置控件名称=fxSuperButtonPaired。
  • ButtonType.SvgData：设置SVG数据，其数据内容如下。

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• ②fxWidgetLCDLabel1属性设置

  • Height：设置控件高度=95。
  • Width：设置控件宽度=285。
  • Color：设置背景颜色=Black。

• ③fxWidgetLCDLabel2属性设置

  • Height：设置控件高度=95。
  • Width：设置控件宽度=285。
  • Color：设置背景颜色=Black。

• ⑤fxLabelMsg属性设置

  • Height：设置控件高度=30。
  • Width：设置控件宽度=290。
  • Text：设置标签文本=请选择配对设备。
  • Name：设置控件名称=fxLabelMsg。
  • TextSettings.Font：设置字体大小及颜色。Size=18，Style中将fsBold勾选。使用该属性需将StyledSettings中的所有设定为True的选项的勾去除。

• ⑥fxSuperButtonServices属性设置

  • Height：设置控件高度=40。
  • Width：设置控件宽度=40。
  • ButtonType：设置按钮类型，设置为TfxSvgButton。
  • Name：设置控件名称=fxSuperButtonServices。
  • ButtonType.SvgData：设置SVG数据，其数据内容如下。

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7. 程序设计

  点击程序设计界面右下角的按钮，切换至单元选择界面，勾选需要使用的单元。该程序需要引用 BlueTooth,BlueToothComponents,ufxBlueTooth单元。

7.1. 程序初始设置

  在程序启动时，修改数值显示区的外观。

Begin
  fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.FillOff.Color := NULL;
  fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.FillOff.Color := NULL;  
  fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.Format := '000.00';
  fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.Format := '000.00';
End.

  在程序关闭前释放蓝牙连接。

Procedure fxRunFrameBeforeClose(Sender: TObject);
//关闭窗体前关闭蓝牙连接
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.CloseServerSocket;
  fxBluetooth1.FreeClientSocket;
End;

7.2. 事件设置

• ①fxSuperButtonPaired-OnClick事件   点击按钮加载蓝牙配对列表并显示。

Procedure fxSuperButtonPairedOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//加载已经配对蓝牙列表
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.PairedDevices;
  if fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds.Text = '' Then
  begin
    fxLabelMsg.Text := '请检查蓝牙是否配对';
    Exit;
  End;
  ComboBoxPaired.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTPaireds;
  ComboboxPaired.DropDown;
End;

• ComboBoxPaired-OnChange事件

  当切换配对设备时更新。

Procedure ComboBoxPairedOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//切换配对设备
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.PairedDevice := ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
  fxLabelMsg.Text := '已选择设备' + ComboBoxPaired.Items[ComboBoxPaired.ItemIndex];
End;

• ⑥fxSuperButtonServices-OnClick事件

  点击按钮，加载蓝牙服务列表。

Procedure fxSuperButtonServicesOnClick(Sender: TObject);
//加载蓝牙服务列表
begin
  fxBluetooth1.Services;
  ComboBoxServices.Items := fxBluetooth1.BTServices;
  ComboBoxServices.DropDown;
End;

• ComboBoxServices-OnChange事件

  当切换蓝牙服务时更新。

Procedure ComboBoxServicesOnChange(Sender: TObject);
//更改服务
Begin
  fxBluetooth1.ServiceUUID := ComboBoxServices.Items[ComboBoxServices.ItemIndex];
  fxBluetooth1.CreateServerSocket;
  fxLabelMsg.Text := '设备已连接，已加载蓝牙服务';
End;

• ⑦fxSwitch-OnSwitch事件

  点击以开启或者关闭温湿度的读取。

Procedure fxSwitchOnSwitch(Sender: TObject);
//开启关闭温湿度计读取
Begin
  fxTimer1.Enabled := fxSwitch.IsChecked;
End;

• fxTimer1-OnTimer事件

  定时发送读取数据的请求。

Procedure fxTimer1OnTimer(Sender: TObject);
begin
  fxBluetooth1.SendData('R');//发送读取温湿度的命令
  fxBluetooth1.ReadData;        
End;

• ④fxBluetooth1-OnReceiveData事件

  在接收到数据后解析并显示对应的温湿度。

Procedure fxBluetooth1OnReceiveData(Sender: TObject; ServiceName: string; ServiceUUID: string; ReceiveData: string);
//将获取到的数据显示在界面上
var
  FData: String;
Begin
  FData := Trim(ReceiveData);
  if FData <> '' Then
  begin
    if length(FData)=10 Then
    begin
      fxWidgetLCDLabel1.Caption.Value := StrToFloat(Copy(FData,6,4)); //温度
      fxWidgetLCDLabel2.Caption.Value := StrToFloat(Copy(FData,1,5)); //湿度  
    End
    else
    begin
      //fxLabelMsg.Text := '返回数据:'+FData;   
    End;
  end
  else
  begin
    //fxLabelMsg.Text := '返回数据:无数据！';   
  end
End;

8. 运行结果

  使用鼠标在 PinToo 菜单，点击[保存至数据库]按钮，将其保存至数据库，点击[调试运行]确认能够正常打开。

  通过同步中心，将程序上传至手机PinToo运行；同步时，请确保手机已经运行PinToo，并且已经登陆。

  点击蓝牙配对按钮，在下拉列表中选择已配对的蓝牙设备，然后点击蓝牙服务按钮，在下拉列表中选择蓝牙服务，等待一段时间后连接建立，点击打开温湿度计，每隔五秒刷新温湿度数据。